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11 Grammar Rules That Make No Sense

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When you first learn the rules for English grammar in elementary school, you find there a lot of don’ts: Don’t end a sentence with a preposition; don’t begin a sentence with because . But as you become a more sophisticated writer (and reader), you realize that many of these so-called “rules” are really more like guidelines, and are better ignored. 1. DON’T SPLIT INFINITIVES. The rule says nothing should come between the to and its verb in the infinitive, which makes “to boldly go where no one has gone before” incorrect. (According to the rule it should be “to go boldly” instead.) But the placement of the adverb is more a matter of style than grammar, and often the split sounds way better. Almost all style guides agree. 2. DON’T END A SENTENCE WITH A PREPOSITION. It’s a good idea to remove the final preposition from a sentence like “Where is he going to?” But modern style guides see nothing wrong with a sentence like “This picture is lovely to look at.” Even “Which student did he ...
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List of particles

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Elementary particles are particles with no measurable internal structure; that is, they are not composed of other particles. They are the fundamental objects of quantum field theory . Many families and sub-families of elementary particles exist. Elementary particles are classified according to their spin . Fermions have half-integer spin while bosons have integer spin. All the particles of the Standard Model have been experimentally observed, recently including the Higgs boson . [1] [2] Fermions Main article: Fermion Fermions are one of the two fundamental classes of particles, the other being bosons . Fermion particles are described by Fermi–Dirac statistics and have quantum numbers described by the Pauli exclusion principle . They include the quarks and leptons, as well as any composite particles consisting of an odd number of these, such as all baryons and many atoms and nuclei. Fermions have half-integer spin; for all known elementary fermions this is   1 ⁄ 2 . All know...
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Lightning Science: Five Ways Lightning Strikes People

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Direct Strike A person struck directly by lightning becomes a part of the main lightning discharge channel. Most often, direct strikes occur to victims who are in open areas. Direct strikes are not as common as the other ways people are struck by lightning, but they are potentially the most deadly. In most direct strikes, a portion of the current moves along and just over the skin surface (called flashover) and a portion of the current moves through the body–usually through the cardiovascular and/or nervous systems. The heat produced when lightning moves over the skin can produce burns, but the current moving through the body is of greatest concern. While the ability to survive any lightning strike is related to immediate medical attention, the amount of current moving through the body is also a factor. Side Flash A side flash (also called a side splash) occurs when lightning strikes a taller object near the victim and a portion of the current jumps from taller object to th...
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